Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron: A symbiotic ally against diarrhea along with modulation of gut microbial ecological networks via tryptophan metabolism and AHR-Nrf2 signaling
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Notice bibliographique
Résumé
• The study highlights the beneficial effects of the dominant symbiotic bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron on intestinal health in pigs, particularly in alleviating post-weaning diarrhea. • It integrates in vivo animal studies, in vivo co-culture systems, and cellular experiments to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying B. thetaiotaomicron’s probiotic functions. • The research emphasizes how B. thetaiotaomicron modulates gut microbiota composition and microbial ecological network interactions, thereby contributing to the maintenance of intestinal health in young mammals. • B. thetaiotaomicron produces antimicrobial compounds that directly inhibit the growth and colonization of pathogenic bacteria, highlighting its potential as a natural defense against intestinal infections. • In addition, its metabolic products enhance intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, reduce inflammation, and improve mucosal immune responses via the AHR–Nrf2 signaling pathway, further promoting gut health. Bacteroides is a crucial mucosal symbiotic bacterium in mammals, with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ( B. thetaiotaomicron ) being particularly noteworthy as a glyco-specialist due to its significant nutritional impact. However, the potential effects of B. thetaiotaomicron on host health remain underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of microbial community changes and the molecular mechanisms mediated by microbial metabolites in alleviating piglet diarrhea through B. thetaiotaomicron intervention. Cold stress was induced in piglets to trigger stress-induced diarrhea. The control group and B group were administered a blank medium and 1 × 10 8 CFU of B. thetaiotaomicron , respectively, on days 1, 3, and 5. The diarrhea rate and growth performance of the piglets were recorded during the experimental period. Based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, microbial ecological networks analysis, and metabolomics analysis, the composition and changes of the colonic microbiota and metabolites were analyzed. The antibacterial capacity and anti-inflammatory molecular mechanisms of B. thetaiotaomicron metabolites were analyzed through in vitro antibacterial assays and inflammatory cell models. B. thetaiotaomicron administration alleviated diarrhea and improved the growth performance of piglets. It modulated the composition and interactions of the intestinal microbiota, with microbial metabolites primarily enriched in the tryptophan metabolism pathway—especially indole and its derivatives, which were closely associated with host phenotypes. In vitro co-culture experiments showed that B. thetaiotaomicron metabolites inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Further experiments demonstrated that these metabolites, including indole, enhanced epithelial barrier function and attenuated TNF-α-induced inflammation and apoptosis in Caco-2 cells, highlighting the involvement of the AHR-Nrf2 signaling pathway in mediating these protective effects. In conclusion, this study offers a theoretical framework for understanding the role of the symbiotic bacterium B. thetaiotaomicron in the gut microbiota ecosystem during diarrhea and its interactions with the host’s intestinal tract.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle