Nutrient status of phytoplankton across a trophic gradient in Lake Erie: evidence from new fluorescence methods
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Variable fluorescence of chlorophyll a was measured by pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry to determine its relationship with measures of nutrient status and phytoplankton community structure in Lake Erie. In 2005, nitrogen (N) deficiency was most common in May, phosphorus (P) deficiency was most common in June, and neither were common in September. The maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) measured by pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry was lower in May and June than in September. The observed range of Fv/Fmincluded many values lower than previously reported in the lower Laurentian Great Lakes, while Fv/Fmvalues showed strong inverse correlations with indicators of N and (or) P deficiency. Community structure was also associated with nutrient status. Cyanobacteria were common at sites displaying N deficiency, while flagellates dominated P-deficient sites in all basins. N deficiency is surprising in a lake with generally high nitrate levels, but was supported by N debt, particulate C:N ratios and depressed Fv/Fm. Further work to characterize and compare results obtained with different variable fluorescence methodologies is desirable, but the present results support the belief that Fv/Fmcan characterize nutrient deficiency of phytoplankton community in this large lake.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".