Getting a <i>GRASP</i> on CASP: properties and role of the cytohesin‐associated scaffolding protein in immunity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cytohesin-associated scaffolding protein (CASP) is a novel human adaptor protein that participates in the assembly and recruitment of protein complexes associated with intracellular trafficking and signaling. Owing to its exclusive expression in cells of hematopoietic origin, CASP has attracted attention from many groups of researchers as a potential key contributor to molecular mechanisms governing cells of the immune system. The functional characterization of CASP has involved a wide range of experimental approaches and provided broad and interesting insights that, collectively, distinguish CASP as an important contributor for a fully functioning and rapidly responsive immune system. Protein interaction studies have demonstrated that CASP interacts with members of the ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)-activating cytohesin family and with a unique PDZ domain-containing member of the sorting nexin family of endocytic trafficking proteins. Physiological knockout studies, however, have revealed that CASP may not be an essential protein in immunity under normal conditions, but rather a streamlining protein that greatly ameliorates the efficiency of the immune system under circumstances of significant stress. Interestingly, an evolutionarily related neuronal protein, called GRP1-associated scaffolding protein, may further participate in CASP-related functions in immune cells, conferring a level of redundancy in associated molecular pathways. In this review, we summarize and critically review the current literature, bringing together common themes from a variety of studies that, when considered together, provide new insights into the nature and significance of CASP function in the broad context of immunity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".