Genomic interspersions determine the size and complexity of transgene loci in transgenic plants produced by microprojectile bombardment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The structure of transgene loci in six transgenic allohexaploid oat (Avena sativa L.) lines produced using microprojectile bombardment was characterized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on extended DNA fibers (fiber-FISH). The transgene loci in five lines were composed of multiple copies of delivered DNA interspersed with genomic DNA fragments ranging in size from ca. 3 kb to at least several hundred kilobases, and in greater numbers than detected using Southern blot analysis. Although Southern analysis predicted that the transgene locus in one line consisted of long tandem repeats of the delivered DNA, fiber-FISH revealed that the locus actually contained multiple genomic interspersions. These observations indicated that transgene locus size and structure were determined by the number of transgene copies and, possibly to a greater extent, the number and the length of interspersing genomic DNA sequences within the locus. Large genomic interspersions detected in several lines were most likely the products of chromosomal breakage induced either by tissue culture conditions or, more likely, by DNA delivery into the nucleus using microprojectile bombardment. We propose that copies of transgene along with other extrachromosomal DNA fragments are used as patches to repair double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the plant genome resulting in the formation of transgene loci.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".