<title>Vacuum spark point source for x-ray/EUV lithography</title>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Vacuum Spark X-ray Source (VSX) embodies a miniature, high-repetition rate discharge emitting radiation in a broad spectrum optimized to emit soft X-rays with about 10 + wavelength. We have obtained over 100 (mu) J of energy per pulse in a narrow bandwidth centered around 7 Angstroms and pulse width less than 30 ns. The system operates with an ALFT proprietary pulser that yields a power output of 1 to 10 Watts of X-rays. A proprietary nested cone collimator is used to optimize the collection of the solid angle and direct parallel radiation towards the wafer. We predict this design will yield a throughput of 5 to 20 WLPH on 200 mm wafers. Presently, we are validating results obtained in the 1 - 5 WLPH range. ALFT's goal is to create an X-ray Point Source suitable for Next Generation Lithography. To date, two prototypes have been created to validate our theories and guide future development. The latest prototype has been designed to accept modifications to allow us to meet our 2001 performance goals. This year we achieved two major breakthroughs. We created a unique regenerating anode design that will enable thermal and debris management at the desired output levels, and we designed a trigger that ensures reliable discharge at repetition rates above 5 kHz. Following our previous SPIE Conference reports (SPIE Volume 3676-1, P. 410), the progress on the VSX Source is described here. Moreover, our technical roadmap is presented and the anode and trigger designs are disclosed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".