Further Investigation of Lipid-Substituted Poly(<scp>l</scp>-Lysine) Polymers for Transfection of Human Skin Fibroblasts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Enabling gene expression in skin fibroblasts using safe, nonviral gene delivery has the potential to stimulate wound healing and aid in skin tissue engineering efforts. In this study, several lipid-substituted poly(L-Lysines) (PLL) were investigated for their ability to deliver a plasmid DNA (pEGFP) to human skin fibroblasts. While native and lipid-substituted PLLs showed complete complexation with pEGFP, polymers with higher lipid substitution were more resilient to dissociation after heparin treatment. All polymers showed good protection of pEGFP against DNase I and DNase II digestion in vitro. DNA delivery studies using fluorescently labeled pEGFP showed that native PLL lacked the ability to deliver pEGFP into cells, whereas most of the lipid-substituted PLLs gave efficient pEGFP delivery into the cells. Extent of lipid substitution was an important factor in DNA delivery efficiency. The intracellular pEGFP was intact after delivery with lipid-substituted polymers up to 7 days. An RT-PCR methodology indicated successful transcription of the reporter GFP gene, which was not the case when the cells were transfected with a blank plasmid containing no functional GFP gene. Further studies with flow cytometry showed that successful protein expression was obtained with PLLs substituted with myristic and stearic acid, the latter displaying a relatively lower toxicity. We conclude that substituting lipids on PLL results in effective gene carriers and the extent of substitution, rather than the individual lipid, appeared to be critical for effective plasmid delivery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".