PHYSICAL MODEL FOR LOW FREQUENCY NOISE IN AVALANCHE BREAKDOWN OF PN JUNCTIONS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A physically-based transient model for low frequency noise of both microplasma and impact ionization in PN diodes is discussed and implemented in the SPICE simulator. The simulation indicates that the model correctly describes the non-monotonic behavior of both the DC and the noise characteristics of diode at the onset of avalanche breakdown. The model is based on a new microplasma switching theory, and the results of simulation confirm the findings of this theory. The microplasma switching threshold is the condition of equality of free- to space charge concentration in the depletion layer. The microplasma turn-on is initialized by the charge generation due to few recombination centers in the microplasma region at high avalanche multiplication due to impact ionization. The microplasma on-current is approximately twice the threshold current and the on-current sustains until the low, but larger than 1, avalanche multiplication compensates for the carrier diffusion from microplasma region into the depletion layer. When the multiplication becomes lower than the diffusion, the microplasma switches off.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".