Genomic in situ hybridization in plants with small genomes is feasible and elucidates the chromosomal parentage in interspecific <i>Arabidopsis</i> hybrids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) is a useful tool to analyse natural polyploids, hybrid plants, and their backcross progenies as to their origin, genomic composition, and intergenomic rearrangements. However, in angiosperms with very small genomes (<0.6 pg/1 C), often only heterochromatic regions were found to be labeled. We have modified the GISH technique to label entire mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of Arabidopsis thaliana (2n = 10) and closely related species with very small genomes by using high concentrations of DNA (7.5-15 microg per probe per slide) or 5 microg of probe and long hybridization times (>60 h). According to our GISH data, Cardaminopsis carpatica (2n = 16) is most likely the diploid ancestor of the autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa (2n = 32). Furthermore, within the allotetraploid species Arabidopsis suecica (2n = 26), it was possible to elucidate the origin of chromosomes contributed by the parental species A. thaliana and A. arenosa for a specimen with 2n = 26 or a deviating chromosome number.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".