Linkage of AFLP markers to<i>lhd 1</i>, a recessive heterochronic gene in Italian ryegrass
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A mutant, leafy head I (lhd 1), was discovered in Japan from the progeny of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) 'Nioudachi' and local line 'Aichikei #3'. Compared with normal plants, the mutant plant is a dwarf with a larger number of intenodes per stem, shorter internodes, and smaller leaves. The plants also head later in the season. Aerial roots are usually produced from the stem nodes during rainy seasons. In characterizing lhd 1, it was found to have many branches with small leaves and many small panicles on the upper part of the plant. Panicle development was severely disturbed in lhd 1 mutants, and the number of leaves produced in the vegetative phase was nearly twice that produced in the wild-type counterpart. The lhd 1 mutant appears to be a heterochronic mutation that is able to extend the vegetative period during development. The frequency of mutants in segregating populations indicated that lhd 1 is a recessive allele. To determine the linkage relationship between the lhd 1 gene and AFLP markers,768 primer combinations were screened for polymorphisms using bulked segregant analyses in two populations with 316 and 30 plants, respectively. Five AFLP markers were linked to the lhd 1 locus. E3/M41-1 and E16/M14-2 cosegregated with lhd 1. E16/M14-1 and E30/M10-1 flanked the gene at a distance of 0.3 cM and E30/M14-2 was linked to lhd 1 at a distance of 0.6 cM.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".