Phylogenetic reconstruction of<i>Aegilops</i>section<i>Sitopsis</i>and the evolution of tandem repeats in the diploids and derived wheat polyploids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The evolution of 2 tandemly repeated sequences Spelt1 and Spelt52 was studied in Triticum species representing 2 evolutionary lineages of wheat and in Aegilops sect. Sitopsis, putative donors of their B/G genomes. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization we observed considerable polymorphisms in the hybridization patterns of Spelt1 and Spelt52 repeats between and within Triticum and Aegilops species. Between 2 and 28 subtelomeric sites of Spelt1 probe were detected in Ae. speltoidies, depending on accession. From 8 to 12 Spelt1 subtelomeric sites were observed in species of Timopheevi group (GAt genome), whereas the number of signals in emmer/aestivum accessions was significantly less (from 0 to 6). Hybridization patterns of Spelt52 in Ae. speltoides, Ae. longissima, and Ae. sharonensis were species specific. Subtelomeric sites of Spelt52 repeat were detected only in T. araraticum (T. timopheevii), and their number and chromosomal location varied between accessions. Superimposing copy number data onto our phylogenetic scheme constructed from RAPD data suggests 2 major independent amplifications of Spelt52 and 1 of Spelt1 repeats in Aegilops divergence. It is likely that the Spelt1 amplification took place in the ancient Ae. speltoides before the divergence of polyploid wheats. The Spelt52 repeat was probably amplified in the lineage of Ae. speltoides prior to divergence of the allopolyploid T. timopheevii but after the divergence of T. durum. In a separate amplification event, Spelt52 copy number expanded in the common ancestor of Ae. longissima and Ae. sharonensis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".