Adsorption of Modified Starches on Porous Glass
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The adsorption of cationic starch and nonionic hydroxyethyl ether starch on porous glass was investigated, for pore sizes in the range 7−222 nm. Well-dissolved cationic starch and the lower-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl ether starch both penetrate pores. Differences in the amylose/amylopectin ratio before and after adsorption indicate that it is the amylose fraction that penetrates pores. Freshly dissolved cationic starch is present as clusters in solution. These clusters, which are unable to penetrate pores, break up with time and shear. Adsorbed clusters do not desorb. Because the cluster size increases with starch concentration, the adsorption isotherms resemble low-affinity isotherms, despite the fact that adsorption is quasi-irreversible. Clustering is absent for hydroxyethyl ether starch, for which also low-affinity isotherms are observed. These isotherms are the result of a dynamic equilibrium between adsorption and desorption. Similarities and differences with starch adsorption on pulp fibers are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".