Ethical Leadership in Modern Medicine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Because of the necessity for morality and virtue in the practice of medicine, ethical leadership becomes a fundamental obligation of the profession in its relations with the society it serves. Ethical leadership entails leading others in setting standards of, and therefore defining, moral or acceptable behaviour. Leaders must act in conformity with these accepted standards as they carry out the activities mandated by society. This paper examines the primary sources of ethical leadership in the medical profession. Historically, professional associations and medical licensing bodies have been allocated the most important responsibility for providing this leadership. When the public felt that such leadership was being exerted, trust in the profession remained high and when this leadership has been seen to falter, trust has fallen. There have traditionally been additional sources of ethical leadership with editorials in medical journals having a powerful role. Medical schools also can be a source of leadership as can the academic community outside of medicine—particularly bioethics and sociology. Finally, individuals of great stature, no matter what their role in society, are capable of offering guidance and support for the value base of medicine. Résumé En raison du besoin de moralité et de vertu dans l'exer‐cice de la médecine, le leadership moral devient une obligation fondamentale de la profession dans les rapports qu'elle entretient avec la société qu'elle serf. Le leadership moral consiste à montrer aux autres la façon d'établir des normes en matière de comportement moral ou acceptable et par conséquent à définir ce terme. Les dirigeants doivent agir dans le respect de ces normes reconnues tandis qu'ils accomplissent les activités que la société leur confie. Historiquement, les associations professionnelles et les organes de délivrance de permis d'exercer la médecine se sont vues confier la respon‐sabilité de ce leadership. Lorsque le public estime que ce leadership s'exerce, la confiance dans la profession reste élevée alors que si ce leadership est perçu comme défaillant, la confiance a tendance à chuter. Il y a toujours eu d'autres sources de leadership moral, dont les éditoriaux des revues de médecine ont été les plus puissants. Les écoles de médecine peuvent également être une source de leadership, au même titre que des disciplines universitaires en dehors de la médecine, en particulier la bioéthique et la sociologie. Enfin, les person‐nes d'envergure, quel que soil leur rôle dans la société, sont en mesure d'offrir des directives et une aide pour garantir le respect des valeurs fondamentales de la médecine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.040 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".