Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Ether Glycerophospholipids Bearing a Carbamate Moiety at the <i>sn</i>‐2 Position: Selective Sensitivity Against Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Analogues of 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-3-glycerophosphonocholine (compounds 1-4) or sn-3-glycerophosphocholine (compound 5) bearing a carbamate or dicarbamate moiety at the sn-2 position were synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against cancer cells derived from a variety of tissues. Although all of the compounds are antiproliferative, surprisingly the carbamates (1 and 2) are more effective against the hormone-independent cell lines DU145 and PC3 than toward other cancer cell lines we examined. This selectivity was not observed with the dicarbamates (3 and 4). Phosphocholine carbamate analogue 5 is as effective against the prostate cancer cell lines as the corresponding phosphonocholine analogue 1. Cell death induced by 2'-(trimethylammonio)ethyl 4-hexadecyloxy-3(R)-N-methylcarbamoyl-1-butanephosphonate (carbamate analogue 2) appeared to be mediated by apoptosis, as assessed by caspase activation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The in vivo activity of 2 was evaluated in a murine prostate cancer xenograft model. Oral and intravenous administration showed that 2 is effective in inhibiting the growth of PC3 tumors in Rag2M mice. Our studies show that the glycerolipid carbamates reported herein represent a class of prostate-cancer-selective cytotoxic agents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".