Studies on Rye (<i>Secale cereale</i> L.) Lines Exhibiting a Range of Extract Viscosities. 1. Composition, Molecular Weight Distribution of Water Extracts, and Biochemical Characteristics of Purified Water-Extractable Arabinoxylan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Five rye lines exhibiting a wide range of extract viscosities, along with commercial cultivars of rye and wheat, were compared with respect to their physical and chemical properties. Rye wholemeals contained significantly higher concentrations of total and soluble dietary fiber (TDF and SDF, respectively), total and water-extractable arabinoxylan (TAX and WEAX, respectively), and beta-glucan than did wheat. Significant positive correlations were obtained between rye wholemeal extract viscosity and SDF content (r = 0.90, p < 0.05) and WEAX content (r = 0.89, p < 0.05). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of water extracts of rye wholemeals revealed the presence of a high molecular weight fraction (HMWF), which was found in higher concentration in the ryes than in wheat. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.84, p < 0.05) was observed between HMWF content (expressed as a proportion of the total carbohydrate in water extracts) and extract viscosity of rye wholemeals. Treatment of a rye wholemeal extract with xylanase, followed by GPC, indicated that the HMWF consisted primarily of WEAX. Successive treatment of a rye wholemeal extract with alpha-amylase, lichenase, protease, and xylanase confirmed that the viscosity of the extract was primarily related to its content of WEAX. WEAX was isolated from high, intermediate, and low extract viscosity ryes. Structural differences were observed among the three arabinoxylans using H NMR and high-pressure size exclusion chromatography with triple detection. The WEAX from high extract viscosity rye was a higher molecular weight macromolecule exhibiting a higher intrinsic viscosity, a larger radius of gyration, a larger hydrodynamic radius, and a lower degree of branching compared to WEAX from low and intermediate extract viscosity ryes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".