Low-Luminosity Active Galaxies and Their Central Black Holes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Central black hole masses for 118 spiral galaxies representing morphological stages S0/a through Sc and taken from the large spectroscopic survey of Ho et al. (1997) are derived using Ks-band data from 2MASS. Black hole masses are found using a calibrated black-hole – Ks bulge luminosity relation, while bulge luminosities are measured by means of a two-dimensional bulge/disk decomposition routine. The black hole masses are correlated against a variety of parameters representing properties of the nucleus and host galaxy. Nuclear properties such as line width (FWHM([N II])), as well as emission-line ratios (e.g., [O III]/Hβ, [O I]/Hα, [N II]/Hα, and [S II]/Hα), show a very high degree of correlation with blackhole mass. The excellent correlation with line-width supports the view that the emission-line gas is in virial equilibrium with either the black hole or bulge potential. The very good emission-line ratio correlations may indicate a change in ionizing continuum shape with black hole mass in the sense that more massive
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".