Wafer-level vacuum packaging technology based on selective electroplating
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel concept for low-cost, wafer-level packaging of MEMS is proposed and applied to vacuum packaging of INO’s 160x120 pixel uncooled bolometric focal plane arrays, FPAs, based on vanadium oxide thermistor material. A wafer-scale metallic tray composed of several tens of micropackages is electroplated by using the thick resist SU-8 as a micromold. FPA dies and infrared windows are then soldered to the main tray by flip-chip bonding. Contrary to the conventional wafer to wafer bonding approach, assembly and vacuum sealing steps are dissociated. For this purpose, each micropackage is equipped with a pump-out hole for outgassing under vacuum and at elevated temperature prior to vacuum sealing. The process flow for fabrication of micropackages is described. The influence of DC and pulse plating conditions on the stress and properties of deposited nickel packages was investigated. Results on the selective electroplating of indium solder on antireflection-coated IR window wafers and the formation of a solderable layer around the chip are presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".