Finite Element Method Applied to Supersonic Flutter of Circular Cylindrical Shells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
DOI: 10.2514/1.39580 The method of analysis is a combination of Sander’s thin shell theory and the classic finite element method, in which the nodal displacements are found from the exact solution of shell governing equations rather than approximatedbypolynomialfunctions.Pistontheorywithandwithoutacorrectionfactorforcurvatureisappliedto derive aerodynamic damping and stiffness matrices. The influence of stress stiffness due to internal pressure and axial loading is also taken into account. Aeroelastic equations in hybrid finite element formulation are derived and solved numerically. Different boundary conditions of the shell, geometries, and flow parameters are investigated. In all study cases, the shell loses its stability due to coupled-mode flutter and a traveling wave is observed during this dynamicinstability.Theresultsarecomparedwithexistingexperimentaldataandotheranalyticaland finiteelement solutions. The present study shows efficient and reliable results that can be applied to the aeroelastic design and analysis of shells of revolution in aerospace vehicles. Nomenclature � A� = coefficient matrix of shape functions; see Appendix B.1 a1 = freestream speed of sound � B� = coefficient matrix of strain vector; see Eq. (11) � Cf� = global aerodynamic damping matrix � cf�
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".