Poriferan mtDNA and Animal Phylogeny Based on Mitochondrial Gene Arrangements
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships among the metazoan phyla are the subject of an ongoing controversy. Analysis of mitochondrial gene arrangements is a powerful tool to investigate these relationships; however, its previous application outside of individual animal phyla has been hampered by the lack of informative out-group data. To address this shortcoming, we determined complete mitochondrial DNA sequences for the demosponges Geodia neptuni and Tethya actinia, two representatives of the most basal animal phylum, the Porifera. With sponges as an outgroup, we investigated phylogenetic relationships of nine bilaterian phyla using both breakpoint analysis of global mitochondrial gene arrangements and maximum parsimony analysis of mitochondrial gene adjacencies. Our results provide strong support for a group that includes protostome (but not deuterostome) coelomate, pseudocoelomate, and acoelomate animals, thus clearly rejecting the Coelomata hypothesis. Two other groups of bilaterian animals, Lophotrochozoa and Ambulacraria, are also supported by our analyses. However, due to the remarkable stability of mitochondrial gene arrangements in Deuterostomia and the Ecdysozoa, conclusions on their evolutionary history cannot be drawn.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it