Dual, Constrictor-to-Dilator, Response of the Mouse Ductus Arteriosus to the Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 Inhibitor, 2-(6-Chloro-1H-phenanthro[9,10<i>d</i>]imidazole- 2-yl)isophthalonitrile
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES1) is critical for prostaglandin E(2) formation in ductus arteriosus (DA) and, accordingly, in its patency. We previously reported that mPGES1 deletion, unlike cyclo-oxygenase (COX) suppression, is not followed by upregulation of relaxant nitric oxide (NO). Consequently, we proposed that a mPGES1 inhibitor may be better than currently used COX inhibitors in managing premature infants with persistent DA (PDA). OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the mPGES1 inhibitor, 2-(6-chloro-1H-phenanthro[9,10d]imidazole-2-yl)isophthalonitrile (MF63) on DA ex vivo and in vivo (p.o. to the mother). METHODS: Experiments were carried out with mice bearing human mPGES1. We utilized isolated, wire-mounted DA for isometric recording and a whole-body freezing technique to assess the DA caliber as it occurs in vivo. RESULTS: MF63 (10 μM) contracted the isolated DA. DA constriction was also seen in vivo after a single 10-mg kg(-1) dose. Conversely, a 30-mg kg(-1) dose gave inconsistent results, combining constriction with no effect. DA dilatation followed instead a repeated lower dose (twice daily for 3 days), and postnatal closure of the vessel was also delayed. Chronic pretreatment had no effect on endothelial NO synthase mRNA expression in fetal DA, nor did it modify the contraction to NO synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (100 μM). CONCLUSIONS: MF63 has a dual action on DA, the constriction being associated with accessory dilatation. The latter effect should be explained before considering further a mPGES1 inhibitor for management of PDA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".