Intracellular peptides of natriuretic peptide receptor-C inhibit vascular hypertrophy via Gqα/MAP kinase signaling pathways☆
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The present studies were undertaken to investigate if the activation of natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C) that has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation could also modulate the hypertrophic responses of vasoactive peptides in A10 vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). METHODS: For these studies A10 VSMC were incubated in the presence of angiotensin II (AngII), endothelin (ET-1) or arginine vasopressin (AVP) alone or in combination with C-ANP4-23 or NPR-C peptides for 24 h and were used for Western blotting and [3H]leucine incorporation. The different peptide fragments used were K461KYRITIERRNH472 (peptide-1) and H481RELREDSIRSH492 (peptide-3) with complete Gi activator sequences and R469RNHQEESNIGK480 (peptide-2) and I465TIERRNH472 (peptideY) with partial Gi activator sequences. The other peptide used had no structural specificity, (Q473EESNIGK480; peptide X) or was the scrambled peptide control for peptide-1 (ITIYKKRRNHRE; peptide Z). RESULTS: AngII, ET-1 and AVP significantly stimulated protein synthesis in these cells as determined by 3H-leucine incorporation, which was inhibited by peptides 1, 2 and 3 and not by peptides X, Y or Z in a concentration-dependent manner with an apparent Ki between 1-10 nM. In addition, C-ANP4-23 also inhibited protein synthesis stimulated by AngII, ET-1 and AVP; whereas basal protein synthesis in these cells was not inhibited by C-ANP4-23 or by the peptide fragments. Furthermore, AngII-, AVP- and ET-1-induced stimulation of protein synthesis was inhibited by PD98059 (MEK inhibitor) and wortmannin (P13K inhibitor) and this inhibition was potentiated by peptide-1. In addition, peptide-1 was also able to inhibit vasoactive peptide-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT and enhanced the expression of Gqalpha protein in these cells. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that C-ANP4-23 and small peptide fragments containing 12 amino acids from different regions of cytoplasmic domain of NPR-C could modulate vasoactive peptide-stimulated protein synthesis through Gqalpha/MAP kinase/P13K and AKT pathways.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".