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Genome-wide association and large-scale follow up identifies 16 new loci influencing lung function
María Soler Artigas, Daan W. Loth, Louise V. Wain, Sina A. Gharib, Ma’en Obeidat, Wenbo Tang, Guangju Zhai, Wei Zhao, Albert V. Smith, Jennifer E. Huffman, Eva Albrecht, Catherine Jackson, David M. Evans, Gemma Cadby, Myriam Fornage, Ani Manichaikul, Lorna M. Lopez, Toby Johnson, Melinda C. Aldrich, Thor Aspelund, Inês Barroso, Harry Campbell, Patricia A. Cassano, David Couper, Guðný Eiríksdóttir, Nora Franceschini, Melissa García, Christian Gieger, Gauti Kjartan Gíslason, Ivica Grković, Christopher J. Hammond, Dana B. Hancock, Tamara B. Harris, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Susan R. Heckbert, Markku Heliövaara, Georg Homuth, Pirro G. Hysi, Stipan Janković, Bonnie R. Joubert, Stefan Karrasch, Norman Klopp, Beate Koch, Stephen B. Kritchevsky, Lenore J. Launer, Ching‐Ti Liu, Kurt Lohman, Ruth J. F. Loos, Thomas Lumley, Khalid Al-Balushi, Wei Ang, R. Graham Barr, John Beilby, John Blakey, Mladen Boban, Jonas Brisman, John Britton, Guy Brusselle, Cyrus Cooper, Ivan Curjuric, Santosh Dahgam, Ian J. Deary, Shah Ebrahim, Mark Eijgelsheim, Clyde Francks, Darya Gaysina, Raquel Granell, Xiangjun Gu, John Hankinson, Rebecca Hardy, Sarah E. Harris, John Henderson, Amanda P. Henry, Aroon D. Hingorani, Albert Hofman, Patrick G. Holt, Jennie Hui, Michael Hunter, Medea Imboden, Anthony James, Shona M. Kerr, Ivana Kolčić, Florian Kronenberg, Jason Z. Liu, Jonathan Marchini, Tricia M. McKeever, Andrew D. Morris, Anna-Carin Olin, David J. Porteous, Dirkje S. Postma, Stephen S. Rich, Susan M. Ring, Fernando Rivadeneira, Thierry Rochat, Avan Aihie Sayer, Ian Sayers, Peter D. Sly, George Davey Smith, John M. Starr, André G. Uitterlinden, Judith M. Vonk, S. Goya Wannamethee, Peter H. Whincup, Cisca Wijmenga, O. Dale Williams, Andrew Wong, Massimo Mangino, Kristin D. Marciante, Wendy L. McArdle, Bernd Meibohm, Alanna C. Morrison, Kari E. North, Ernst Omenaas, Lyle J. Palmer, Kirsi H. Pietiläinen, Isabelle Pin, Ozren Polašek, Anneli Pouta, Bruce M. Psaty, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Taina Rantanen, Samuli Ripatti, Jerome I. Rotter, Igor Rudan, Alicja R. Rudnicka, Holger Schulz, So-Youn Shin, Tim D. Spector, Ida Surakka, Véronique Vitart, Henry Völzke, Nicholas J. Wareham, Nicole M. Warrington, H-Erich Wichmann, Sarah H. Wild, Jemma B. Wilk, Matthias Wjst, Alan F. Wright, Lina Zgaga, Tatijana Zemunik, Craig E. Pennell, Fredrik Nyberg, Diana Kuh, John W. Holloway, H. Marike Boezen, Debbie A. Lawlor, Richard Morris, Nicole Probst‐Hensch, Jaakko Kaprio, James F. Wilson, Caroline Hayward, Mika Kähönen, Joachim Heinrich, Arthur W. Musk, Deborah Jarvis, Sven Gläser, Marjo‐Riitta Järvelin, Bruno H. Stricker, Paul Elliott, George O'connor, David P. Strachan, Stephanie J. London, Ian P. Hall, Vilmundur Guðnason, Martin D. Tobin
Bibliographic record
VenueNature Genetics · 2011
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Canadian institutionsLunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research InstituteOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchMemorial University of Newfoundland
FundersNational Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institute of Mental HealthNational Institute on AgingMünchner Zentrum für GesundheitswissenschaftenHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenTartu ÜlikoolMedical Research CouncilCanadian Cancer Society Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthHjartaverndHealthwayTaysNovo Nordisk FondenAstraZenecaEuropean CommissionInternational Osteoporosis FoundationSydäntutkimussäätiöUniversitair Medisch Centrum GroningenAsthma and Lung UKVetenskapsrådetNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekEast Midlands Development AgencyNovo NordiskCambridge University HospitalsBritish Heart FoundationBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungUniversity of CambridgeZonMwNational Health and Medical Research CouncilOulun YliopistoSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungRoyal SocietyUniversity of LeicesterErasmus Medisch CentrumNational Science FoundationBritish Lung FoundationNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilNational Cancer InstituteAXA Research FundCancer Research UKWellcome TrustNorges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige UniversitetEuropean Regional Development FundKing's College LondonJalmari ja Rauha Ahokkaan SäätiöU.S. Public Health ServiceFoundation for Cardiovascular ResearchNational Eye InstituteBiocenter, University of OuluNational Institute for Health and Care ResearchFlight Attendant Medical Research InstituteNational Center for Research ResourcesNierstichtingUniversity of BristolDirectorate for Biological SciencesGlaxoSmithKlineCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchJuvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International
KeywordsGenome-wide association studyPulmonary function testingVital capacityBiologyAirway obstructionLungLung functionGeneticsBioinformaticsInternal medicineMedicineSingle-nucleotide polymorphismGenotypeAirwayGeneDiffusing capacity
Abstract
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.003
Threshold uncertainty score0.006
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.264
Teacher spread0.252 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations416
Published2011
Admission routes2
Has abstractno