Synthesis of <i>exo</i>‐3‐Amino‐7‐azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes as a Class of Malarial Aspartic Protease Inhibitors: Exploration of Two Binding Pockets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The increasing prevalence of drug‐resistant strains of malaria‐causing Plasmodium parasites necessitates the development of therapeutic agents that inhibit new biochemical targets. We herein describe the design, synthesis, and in vitro evaluation of a class of inhibitors that target the malarial aspartic proteases known as the plasmepsins. The title compounds feature a 7‐azanorbornane skeleton that bears an exo ‐amino function, which was designed to interact with the catalytic dyad of aspartic proteases while providing vectors for the attachment of binding elements that target the flap and S1/S3 binding pockets at the enzyme active site. Their synthesis takes advantage of a solvent‐free and highly diastereoselective conjugate addition of amines to bicyclic vinyl sulfones. Structural optimization based on a little‐known conformational preference of aryl sulfones produced the most potent inhibitors of this new class. In vitro assays demonstrate that the title compounds are capable of potent (IC 50 ≥ 10 n M ) inhibition of plasmepsins, while remaining relatively weak inhibitors of the closely related human enzymes cathepsins D and E. The ideal occupation of the flap pocket is crucial for both potency and selectivity over the human proteases. Differently functionalized compounds were synthesized to gain new insights into the molecular recognition properties of this cavity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".