A major gene for grain cadmium accumulation in oat (<i>Avena sativa</i> L.)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential heavy metal that is highly toxic to living cells at very low concentrations. Most of the Cd in plants derives from soils. Owing to the large amounts consumed, cereals are the major source of dietary Cd, and Cd content in oat can exceed accepted limits. Plants have a set of mechanisms that control the uptake, accumulation, trafficking, and detoxification of Cd and other metals. Genetic factors affect the variation in Cd level between plant species and cultivars, and the development of cultivars that poorly accumulate Cd is a worthwhile goal. Because of the expense of Cd screening, the use of molecular markers linked to low Cd accumulation could be an alternative to phenotyping for selection. In this study, such markers were sought using bulked-segregant analysis in an F2 population from the cross between oat cultivars 'Aslak' and 'Salo', the second of which is known to be a high Cd accumulator. Four markers associated with grain Cd concentration were found: 2 RAPDs (random amplified polymorphic DNAs), 1 REMAP (retrotransposon-microsatellite amplified polymorphism), and 1 SRAP (sequence-related amplified polymorphism). The first 3 were converted into more reproducible SCAR (sequence-characterized amplified region) markers. The 4 markers were assigned to 1 linkage group that exhibited a QTL (quantitative trait locus) representing a major gene for grain Cd concentration.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".