Introduction to the Special Issue on Leadership and Culture in the Middle East
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This Special Issue on ``Leadership and Culture in the Middle East'' focuses on values and practices as well as effective leadership attributes that are widely shared in Middle Eastern societies.National boundaries are utilised to approximate societal culture and leadership preconceptions.Data collected from four Middle Eastern nations (Iran, Kuwait, Turkey, and Qatar) form the basis of the articles in this Special Issue.Furthermore, at least part of the data collected in these four societies is composed as part of the GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organisational Behaviour Effectiveness) project.A review of the literature shows that there is scarce knowledge on societal and organisational culture and leadership practices in Iran, Kuwait, Turkey, and Qatar.In this respect, this forum would be an important document for providing information on societal and organisational norms and practices, and leadership attributes that are perceived to be effective in this region of the world.The first paper in this collection, entitled ``Project GLOBE: An Introduction'', is written by Robert House, Mansour Javidan, and Peter Dorfman.It provides an overview of the GLOBE project, a unique and large scale study of leadership and culture in 61 nations.GLOBE examines the interrelationships among societal culture, organisational culture, and organisational leadership using multiple methodologies.The constructs, objectives and the model utilised in the GLOBE project are described in this manuscript.Ikhlas A. Abdalla and Moudi A. Al-Hamoud wrote the second paper entitled ``Exploring the Implicit Leadership Theory in the Arabian Gulf States''.This article on the Arab culture focuses on quantitative and
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.038 | 0.014 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".