GISH analysis of meiotic chromosome pairing in<i>Solanum lycopersicoides</i>introgression lines of cultivated tomato
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Meiotic chromosome pairing was studied in introgression lines of cultivated tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum (= Solanum lycopersicum), containing 1 or 2 chromosome segments from the wild species Solanum lycopersicoides. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to compare the relative lengths at diakinesis of the different introgressed segments and to measure the chiasmate arm frequency for the chromosome pair involved in the introgression(s). Longer segments generally produced stronger GISH signals than shorter segments. GISH signal intensity also depended on whether or not an introgressed segment encompassed the centromeric region. For example, a 29 cM segment that included the centromeric region produced a stronger GISH signal than a 42 cM segment that did not. In each line the chromosome arm containing the homeologous segment showed a reduction in chiasmate arm frequency that was most pronounced in lines with long segments. This reduction was accompanied by an increased chiasmate arm frequency on the other arm. Double introgression lines, heterozygous in repulsion phase for 2 introgressions on opposite chromosome arms, showed a lower frequency of chiasmata than single introgression lines. Pairing failure, indicated by the presence of univalents, was highest in the double introgression and whole chromosome substitution lines. These results are discussed with respect to observations of suppressed recombination in these stocks and potential practical implications for reducing linkage drag in breeding programs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".