Development of a Preclinical Model of Spontaneous Human Melanoma Central Nervous System Metastasis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Metastatic spread of melanoma to the central nervous system (CNS) is associated with dismal prognosis. Preclinical testing of novel therapeutic approaches would be aided by the development of appropriate models of spontaneous CNS metastasis arising from primary tumors. A highly metastatic variant of the WM239A human melanoma cell line, designated 113/6-4L, was generated and used to test the efficacy of long-term, low-dose metronomic cyclophosphamide and vinblastine chemotherapy on advanced established metastatic disease in sites such as liver, lungs, and lymph node. This treatment resulted in control of advanced, systemic disease and prolongation of survival. Among long-term surviving mice, 20% showed the presence of spontaneous brain metastases. Two cell lines (131/4-5B1 and 131/4-5B2) were generated from such metastases, which were found to spontaneously metastasize to brain parenchyma with occasional localization to leptomeninges, after orthotopic transplantation and removal of the primary tumor. The cell lines were found to have increased ability to proliferate in brain-conditioned medium and displayed enhanced adhesion to lung and brain endothelial cells. These findings represent the first report of spontaneous CNS metastases generated from primary tumors of any human cancer in mice, which heritably maintains this phenotype, and as such, the variant cell lines generated should aid studies in the biology and treatment of CNS metastases, especially of melanoma origin.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it