Particle terminal settling velocities in non‐Newtonian viscoplastic fluids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accurate prediction of the settling velocity of a single particle in a quiescent, non‐Newtonian fluid is often required for analysis of fluid‐particle systems, e.g. the design and operation of slurry pipelines and solid‐liquid separation processes. Wilson et al. presented a direct method that was able to provide reasonable predictions of the terminal settling velocity of a sphere in a fluid with a yield stress. This method is somewhat limited in its applicability: if the fluid yield stress is greater than the calculated reference shear stress, the correlation cannot produce a prediction of terminal settling velocity. Measurements of terminal fall velocities of precision spheres in quiescent Kaolinite‐water suspensions were collected in the present study. Kaolinite volume concentrations were 10.6–21.7 % (0.106–0.217 L/L) resulting in suspension yield stresses of 1.3–30 Pa. Both Casson and Bingham models were satisfactory for modelling the clay‐water mixture rheology. An analogy of the Wilson‐Thomas analysis for the pipe flow of non‐Newtonian fluids was used to develop a new method for predicting terminal settling velocity of a sphere in a viscoplastic fluid. The new method does not have the limitations of the Wilson et al. method, and also provides more accurate predictions. The experimental results obtained here show that further research is needed to better characterize particle behaviour at low shear Reynolds numbers (Re* < 10).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".