Negative Pressure Effects during Pure Triacylglyerol Crystallization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Under certain crystallization conditions, β-tending triacylglyerol (TAG) can form cavities within the crystal network, leading to situations where the macroscopic solid density is less than the melted liquid phase. A similar phenomenon, termed negative pressure effect, has been observed during the crystallization of some synthetic polymers. Crystallization of pure β-tending trilaurin just below its melting point with seeding created a crystal structure with millimeter-sized star-like crystals and large air-filled pores, resulting in a macroscopic density (887.5 ± 2.9 kg m –3 ) that was significantly less than the liquid TAG (897.9 ± 0.6 kg m –3 ) just above its melting point ( T m ). A moderate degree of supercooling (11.5 °C below T m ) led to a platy crystal habit and a higher macroscopic density (1030 ± 2.1 kg m –3 ). However, higher degrees of supercooling (>25 °C below T m ) created a very fine microporous crystal network with a lower density of 993.2 ± 2.5 kg m –3 . It is evident from this work that negative pressure effects can have a significant influence on the macroscopic density of β-tending TAG.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".