Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cullin3 (Cul3) is an ubiquitin E3 ligase responsible for catalyzing the transfer of an ubiquitin moiety from an E2 enzyme to a target substrate protein. The C-terminal region of Cul3 binds RBX1/E2-ubiquitin, while, the N-terminal region interacts with various BTB domain proteins which serve as substrate adaptors. Previously, our group determined the crystal structures of the homodimeric BTB proteins SPOP and KLHL3 in complex with the N-terminal domain of Cul3, revealing the determinants responsible for the BTB/Cul3 interaction [1, 2]. A second class of BTB-domain containing proteins, the KCTD proteins, are also Cul3 substrate adaptors but these do not share many of the previously determined features for Cul3 binding. Furthermore, KCTD proteins form homotetramers and homopentamers via BTB oligomerization rather than the previously described homodimers. Despite these differences, many KCTD proteins interact with Cul3 with dissociation constants of approximately 50 nM. While the target substrates for many of the KCTD/Cul3 E3 ligase complexes are unknown, recent studies have implicated the GABAβ2 receptor as an interactor of KCTD 8, 12, 12b and 16. Here, we report the pentameric crystal structure of the KCTD9 BTB domain and our progress on the structural characterization of Cul3/KCTD/substrate complexes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".