Practical CMUT Fabrication With a Nitride-to-Oxide-Based Wafer Bonding Process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The introduction of wafer-bonding technique to capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) fabrication offered advantages over the surface micromachining technique, such as simplified fabrication, better membrane uniformity, and increased active area. The conventional wafer-bonding CMUT process employs silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers to produce the vibrating membrane layer. However, the use of SOI wafers can lead to poor membrane thickness uniformity despite the high cost. Furthermore, an additional local-oxidation (LOCOS) process should be used for SOI-based wafer bonding process to improve breakdown voltage and reduce parasitic capacitance. This paper reports a nitride-to-oxide bonding process for CMUT fabrication, designed to achieve similar results as the LOCOS-added process reported by Park et al., but without the need for SOIs and fabrication complexity. A fully functional CMUT designed for collapse-mode operation was fabricated and an immersion center frequency was measured to be 4.2 MHz with a 90% bandwidth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".