Measurement of Intracellular Free Calcium Ion Concentration in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Fluorescence Imaging of Cytosolic Calcium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Changes in intracellular free calcium ion concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) play a major role in vascular smooth muscle cell function (1,2). Elevation of [Ca(2+)](i) is an important regulator of multiple downstream signaling pathways and it is a major determinant of vascular smooth muscle contraction (1-3). Agonists, such as angiotensin II (Ang II), endothelin-1, and vasopressin, that mediate effects through G protein-coupled receptors, increase [Ca(2+)](i) by inducing Ca(2+)mobilization from intracellular sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticular stores, and by stimulating transplasmalemmal Ca(2+)influx (4-6). One of the earliest measurable events resulting from Ang II stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells, is a rapid, phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, to produce two second messengers, 1,2 diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) (7,8). The water-soluble messenger IP(3), binds to specific IP(3) receptors to release Ca(2+)from nonmitochondrial intracellular stores.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".