Conformational Preference and Fluorescence Response of a C-Linked C8-Biphenyl-Guanine Lesion in the <i>Nar</i>I Mutational Hotspot: Evidence for Enhanced <i>Syn</i> Adduct Formation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aromatic chemical carcinogens can undergo enzymatic transformations to produce a range of electrophilic species that attach covalently to the C8-site of 2′-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford C8-dG adducts. The most studied C8-dG adducts are formed from arylamines and contain a N-linkage separating the dG from the C8-aryl moiety. Other carcinogenic species result in direct aryl ring attachment to the dG moiety, resulting in C-linked adducts. The resulting C-linked adducts have reduced conformational flexibility compared to the corresponding N-linked C8-dG adducts, which can alter their orientation in the DNA duplex. Described herein are structural studies of a fluorescent C-linked 4-fluorobiphenyl-dG (FBP-dG) that has been incorporated into the reiterated G 3 -postion of the 12-mer Nar I sequence and those containing other 5′-flanking nucleobases. FBP-dG displays a strong preference for adopting a syn conformation in the fully paired Nar I duplex to produce an intercalated structure that exhibits stacking interactions between the C-linked biphenyl and the flanking bases. FBP-dG is also shown to significantly stabilize the slippage mutagenic intermediate (SMI) duplex containing the lesion and 5′-flanking base within a 2-base bulge. FBP-dG exhibits fluorescence sensitivity to SMI duplex formation that can readily distinguish it from the fully paired duplex. Molecular dynamics simulations and optical spectroscopy for the Nar I oligonucleotides containing the C-linked FBP-dG predict increased rigidity of the biphenyl in the syn conformation. The greater propensity to generate the promutagenic syn conformation for the C-linked FBP-dG adduct compared to the N-linked 4-aminobiphenyl-dG adduct (ABP-dG) suggests greater mutagenicity for the C-linked analogue. These results highlight the effect of the adduct linkage type on the conformational properties of adducted DNA. The turn-on emission response of FBP-dG in the SMI duplex may be a powerful tool for monitoring SMI formation in the Nar I sequence upon synthesis with DNA polymerases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".