QTL mapping uncovers a semi-dwarf 1 (<i>sdw1</i>) allele in the barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>) ND23049 line
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In barley, semi-dwarf varieties are attractive for their superior harvest index and lodging resistance, but many semi-dwarf barley genotypes suffer from poor spike emergence. We performed a genetic characterization of a semi-dwarf line (ND23049) that combines short stature, strong stiff culms, and adequate spike emergence. We developed a doubled haploid (DH) population derived by crossing ND23049 and the cultivar CLE253. A subset of 88 DH lines and parents were characterized for plant height in 2013 and 2014 and genotyped. In total, 1984 SNPs (345 unique loci) were used to produce a linkage map of 1127.1 cM. Three QTLs for plant height were detected in this population and coincided with the HvGA20ox2/Sdw1, HvBRI1/Uzu1, and HvPRR95 gene loci. The phenotypic variation explained by each QTL was 75.8%, 7.7%, and 4.1%, respectively, and jointly explained 83.3% (2013) and 87.7% (2014) of plant height. Our results suggest that ND23049 contributed the "short" allele at the HvGA20ox2/sdw1 locus while CLE253 provided "short" alleles at the HvBRI1/uzu1 and HvPRR95 loci. We identified a large deletion (at least 92.7 Kb), including HvGA20ox2 (Sdw1), as the causal mutation in ND23049. A set of tightly flanked SNP markers will help breeders to develop improved semi-dwarf varieties.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".