Stabilizing Sulfur Cathode in Carbonate and Ether Electrolytes: Excluding Long-Chain Lithium Polysulfide Formation and Switching Lithiation/Delithiation Route
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Due to the inevitable chemical reactions between the nucleophilic lithium polysulfides and electrophilic carbonate solvents, conventional S cathodes are incompatible in carbonate-based electrolytes. Alternative ether-based electrolytes are confronted with another concern of the dissolution of long-chain Li 2 S x (4 ≤ x ≤ 8) intermediates. Herein, originally designed strategy to stabilize S cathodes in these two electrolytes was proposed by introducing central Fe linkers to switch the lithiation/delithiation route from the formation of long-chain Li 2 S x intermediates to Li y FeS x intermediates. Based on this, amorphous FeS x /C (a-FeS x /C, x = 2, 4, 6) composites, synthesized by comelting ferrocene and sulfur, were demonstrated as effective cathodes for Li–S batteries. a-FeS 4 /C cathode delivers a remarkably high capacity of 931 mAh g –1 at 0.1 A g –1 and a stable cycling performance of over 500 cycles in a carbonate electrolyte without any compatibility problem. Good cyclability with high capacity is also demonstrated in a LiNO 3 -free ether electrolyte.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".