Diversity of <i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i> strains from pigs across Ontario, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes highly contagious swine enzootic pneumonia worldwide. It has been reported that highly diversified M. hyopneumoniae strains exist in different parts of the world. We found p146 gene sequencing analysis, an affordable and simple-to-perform typing method, to be specific and highly sensitive when applied to the molecular typing of 113 M. hyopneumoniae–positive clinical samples directly without culture. The samples were submitted to the Animal Health Laboratory at the University of Guelph (Ontario, Canada) during 2009–2017 from 40 different geographic areas in Ontario. Using a previously described criterion of grouping strains with < 4-bp differences into the same molecular type ( p146 type), the 113 clinical samples clustered into 19 p146 genotypes. Dominant types were found in 2016 and 2017 only, indicating that highly diversified M. hyopneumoniae strains existed in Ontario. Some strains from the same geographic location but different years had the same sequence types, indicating that the same strain types circulate persistently in the field. Different p146 genotypes were also identified from similar geographic locations, indicating that either M. hyopneumoniae strains are prone to mutation or that multiple strains can infect the same or nearby swine production units.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".