Design of P-Chirogenic Aminophosphine–Phosphinite Ligands at Both Phosphorus Centers: Origin of Enantioselectivities in Pd-Catalyzed Allylic Reactions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have recently patented an unprecedented stereospecific N → O phosphinyl migration process which transforms P-chirogenic aminophosphines into phosphinites. A fine design of aminophosphine phosphinite ligands (AMPP*) derived from ephedrine and bearing a P-chirogenic center either at the aminophosphine or phosphinite moiety was performed. The synthesis of AMPP* ligands with a P-chirogenic aminophosphine moiety was based on the well-established stereospecific reaction of oxazaphospholidine borane with organolithium reagents, followed by trapping with a chlorophosphine and borane decomplexation. Concurrently, the preparation of AMPP* ligands with a P-chirogenic phosphinite moiety was performed by N → O phosphinyl migration of aminophosphines borane by heating at 50 °C with DABCO and then reaction with chlorophosphines. AMPP* ligands were studied in palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylations, leading to enantioselectivities from 91% ( R ) to 95% ee ( S ). X-ray crystallographic data for relevant Pd–AMPP* complexes and computer modeling explained the origin of the enantioselectivities based on MO interactions of most stable conformers with nucleophiles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".