Paediatric reproducibility limits for the forced expiratory volume in 1 s
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Current reproducibility standards for spirometry were derived using a small adult dataset and may not be optimal for interpretation of repeated measurements of lung function in children. OBJECTIVE: ) change that represent the normal within-subject between-visit variability in healthy children and evaluate these limits as a tool to monitor children with cystic fibrosis (CF). METHODS: measurements (3 months to 5 years apart) from healthy children from the Global Lung Function Initiative data repository were used to derive a conditional change score. Spirometry and clinical data from a CF clinical database was used to verify utility in clinical practice. RESULTS: measures from 7885 healthy children 6-18 years of age. The simple algorithm, which is conditional on the initial measurement, also accounts for age and time interval between measurements. The change score limits of reproducibility were much narrower than currently used cut-offs. Specifically, changes, considered as improvements using either a 12% or 10% relative change from baseline, are too wide for children. In CF, there was overall agreement between different approaches, with the distinct advantage that the change score was not biased by regression to the mean. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with current approaches to interpretation of repeated lung function measurements, the proposed change score was less biased and provides a simple alternative to reduce misinterpretation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".