The molecular makeup of peripheral and central baroreceptors: stretching a role for Transient Receptor Potential (TRP), Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC), Acid Sensing Ion Channel (ASIC), and Piezo channels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, immune, and thermoregulatory function. Homeostasis involves a variety of feedback mechanisms involving peripheral afferents, many of which contain molecular receptors sensitive to mechanical deformation, termed mechanosensors. Here, we focus on the molecular identity of mechanosensors involved in the baroreflex control of the cardiovascular system. Located within the walls of the aortic arch and carotid sinuses, and/or astrocytes in the brain, these mechanosensors are essential for the rapid moment-to-moment feedback regulation of blood pressure (BP). Growing evidence suggests that these mechanosensors form a co-existing system of peripheral and central baroreflexes. Despite the importance of these molecules in cardiovascular disease and decades of research, their precise molecular identity remains elusive. The uncertainty surrounding the identity of these mechanosensors presents a major challenge in understanding basic baroreceptor function and has hindered the development of novel therapeutic targets for conditions with known arterial baroreflex impairments. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to (i) provide a brief overview of arterial and central baroreflex control of BP, (ii) review classes of ion channels currently proposed as the baroreflex mechanosensor, namely Transient Receptor Potential (TRP), Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC), Acid Sensing Ion Channel (ASIC), and Piezo, along with additional molecular candidates that serve mechanotransduction in other organ systems, and (iii) summarize the potential clinical implications of impaired baroreceptor function in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".