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Record W3216388417 · doi:10.21125/iceri.2021.1918

REFERENCING IN CROATIAN SCIENCE AND HIGHER EDUCATION

2021· article· en· W3216388417 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueICERI proceedings · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicHigher Education Teaching and Evaluation
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCroatianComputer scienceLinguisticsPhilosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Referencing refers to any form of citing a source in a document. References can be detailed or non-detailed. The sources to which the references refer can be diverse, and regardless of the types, they can be in analogue or digital form. Anonymous sources are undesirable and should be avoided as much as possible. This means putting more effort into searching for alternative sources and finding relevant ones, with a preference for the primary ones. If the author does not state the source from which he took some information, then it is assumed that it is the author's original work, and if it is not already taken from an unlisted source, then we are talking about plagiarism and its possible consequences and sanctions. Referencing is necessary not only when using other author's texts, but also when using their tables, graphs, figures, diagrams, etc., anything that is not the result of the author's work. Many styles are used for reference, but most of them can be grouped into three main types: text referencing, footnote referencing, and numerical referencing. The most famous styles are Harvard, American Psychological Association (APA), Modern Language Association (MLA), Vancouver, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Oxford, and Chicago. Regardless of what type and style of referencing are used, it is important to be clear about what is taken from external sources and what is the author’s original contribution.Referencing is often a tedious process, requiring a lot of time and the necessary consistency of using the same style within a single document, so the software can help us greatly in this task. This article presents some commonly used reference management programs. Three studies were conducted, the results of which are presented in the article. The first is a study on the use of reference styles of Croatian scientific and professional journals available through Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia, using their instructions for authors. The second research is the analysis of instructions for students of faculties and departments of Croatian universities. The third survey was conducted through a questionnaire completed by one hundred students, which provided insight into their knowledge and practice of using reference styles and accompanying software.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.525
Threshold uncertainty score0.385

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.046
GPT teacher head0.384
Teacher spread0.338 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it