LTK and ALK regulate neuronal polarity and cortical migration by modulating IGF1R activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The establishment of axon-dendrite polarity is fundamental for radial migration of neurons, cortical patterning and formation of neuronal circuitry. Here, we demonstrate that the receptor tyrosine kinases, Ltk and Alk, are required for proper neuronal polarization. In isolated primary mouse embryonic neurons, loss of Ltk and/or Alk yields a striking multiple axon phenotype. In mouse embryos and newborn pups, the absence of Ltk and Alk results in a delay in neuronal migration and subsequent cortical patterning. In adult cortices, neurons with aberrant neuronal projections are evident and there is a disruption of the axon tracts in the corpus callosum. Mechanistically, we show that loss of Alk and Ltk increases cell surface expression and activity of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (Igf-1r), which acts to activate downstream PI3 kinase signalling to drive the excess axon phenotype. Thus, our data reveal Ltk and Alk as new regulators of neuronal polarity and migration whose disruption results in behavioural abnormalities.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".