Addictions and substance use research should be prioritized for military and Veteran populations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction:The Health and Lifestyle Information Survey (HLIS) is a quadrennial population-based survey that provides a snapshot of the current health status of Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel.The survey captures data on a broad range of health and lifestyle factors, including health care utilization and satisfaction.Data from the survey is used to monitor and improve the health and well-being of CAF personnel by guiding program and policy development to sustain a healthy, fit, and deployable military force.Methods: In 2013, 4,312 Regular Force personnel were randomly selected from a population of 56,574 personnel to complete a paper-based mail survey.The sample size was calculated to estimate health indicators within a +/-3% margin of error by sex and rank at a 95% level of confidence.Data were weighted to reflect the age, sex, and rank distribution of the 2013 Regular Force.Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data and regression techniques were used to establish statistical significance at the 95% confidence level between key demographic variables and the outcome of interest.Direct standardization to the 2013 Regular Force population was used to compare estimates between previous surveys conducted in 2004 and 2008/9.Results: The adjusted response rate was 60%.Encouraging trends were noted for smoking and physical activity.The prevalence of smoking decreased from 23.0% in 2008/9 to 17.6% in 2013/14 and the percentage of physically active CAF personnel increased from 78.7% in 2008/9 to 85.2% in 2013/14.Conversely, indicators of poor diet were also noted.In 2013/14, a greater percentage of Regular Force personnel were obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) than personnel in 2004 (25.0% vs. 20.2%respectively).Additionally, in 2013/14 only 28.7% of personnel ate vegetables and fruits more than six times per day (a proxy used for servings).A significant increase in the annual rate of repetitive strain injuries was noted from 22.6% in 2008/9 to 32.3% in 2013/14 with musculoskeletal injury cited by personnel as the most common reason for being unable to deploy in the past two years.Conditions that were unchanged from 2008/9 included: the prevalence of mental health conditions, acute injuries, the percentage of personnel who engaged in harmful drinking, and self-rated health. Conclusion:Findings from the Regular Force HLIS 2013/14 indicate some encouraging trends in the health of CAF personnel as well as some challenges.Areas requiring further investigation that could enhance the health of CAF personnel include: obesity, diet, repetitive strain injuries, and alcohol use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.037 | 0.085 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".