Central Memory CD4 T Cells from Persons with HIV Accumulate DNA Content Defects During Proliferative Response
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Central memory (T CM ) cells are a subpopulation of CD4 T cells that sustain overall CD4 T cell counts in HIV infection. The mechanisms underlying their eventual demise, which leads to loss of CD4 T cell counts, are not known. To understand their proneness to death despite their increased movement to proliferation, we examined cell division together with possible cell accumulation in different phases of the cell cycle. Purified circulating T CM cells from untreated people living with HIV (PLWH) ( n = 9) and healthy controls ( n = 10) were stimulated in vitro using anti-CD3/CD28 agonistic antibodies plus IL-2 and cultured for 4 days. Cell viability, DNA content, proliferation, and cyclin A and cyclin B expression were measured. We found that PLWH T CM cells more frequently had a DNA content lower than G0/G1, compared with controls ( p = .043). These cells accumulated with each division. The proportion of cells with sub-G0/G1 DNA content that were cycling (expressing cyclin A) was greater in the PLWH group ( p = .003). The percentage of T CM cells expressing cyclin A+ among those in G0/G1 and was also greater in the PLWH group ( p = .043), suggesting arrest before G2/M. While T CM cells from PLWH can proliferate, during this process some of them accumulate defects in DNA content that are incompatible with viability, suggesting that they could be intrinsically prone to cell cycle-dependent death. This provides a possible mechanism underlying the increased T CM cell turnover in HIV infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".