Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Tumor Biopsies Show Heterogeneity in Gene Expression Profiles and Genetic Subtypes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is clinically challenging due to its location and small biopsy size, leading to a lack of comprehensive molecular and biologic description. We previously demonstrated that 91% of PCNSL belong to the activated B-cell-like (ABC) molecular subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: Here we investigated the expression of 739 cancer related genes in HIV(-) patients in 25 ABC-PCNSL and 43 ABC-systemic DLBCL, all tumors were EBV(-). Results: We found 135 genes which were identified as differentially expressed between these ABC-PCNSL and ABC-systemic DLBCL (p<0.05). The ABC-PCNSL showed higher gene expression in several cancer-related gene sets including genes related to Hedgehog, DNA damage repair, Wnt and MAPK signaling. Whole exome sequencing showed distinct genetic features of PCNSL compared to DLBCL, CXCR4 mutations in particular, that have been associated with ibrutinib resistance. In a focused analysis, PCNSL and DLBCL cases that fall into the "MCD" genetic subtype showed substantial overlap. These data provide detailed information about unique characteristics of PCNSL in HIV(-) patients as compared to comparable DLBCL subtypes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".