Comprehensive Genomic Identification and Characterization of R2R3-MYB Genes in Colored Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.): A Phylogenetic and Expression Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive identification and characterization of the R2R3-MYB gene family in colored rice ( Oryza sativa L.), offering significant insights into their evolutionary relationships, structural features, and expression profiles. Notable findings include the distinctive structural characteristics of R2R3-MYB genes, such as the high prevalence of non-synonymous substitutions in the DNA-binding domains, particularly in the α-helix regions. This suggests adaptive selection and functional diversification. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of distinct clades that correspond to different evolutionary lineages. Of particular interest is a key clade that is closely related to the ancestral species, wild rice ( O . rufipogon and O . nivara ), which indicates the conservation of evolutionary lineages. The expression patterns of R2R3-MYB genes were found to be specific to different tissues and developmentally regulated, with specialized roles in photosynthesis-related processes and root development. Furthermore, the study underscores the functional roles of R2R3-MYB genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Genes such as OsC1 and OsKala3 play pivotal roles in modulating the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway genes, thereby contributing to the distinctive purple pigmentation and associated health benefits of purple rice. Furthermore, the case study of OsMYB30 and OsMYB60 illustrates their pivotal roles in plant defense mechanisms and leaf morphology, respectively. The insights gained from this review have significant implications for the breeding and genetic engineering of colored rice, emphasizing the potential for improving agronomic traits and enhancing crop performance through targeted manipulation of R2R3-MYB genes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".