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Record W4408000283 · doi:10.3390/su17052042

Consumer Perception of Sugar Kelp (Saccharina latissima) Addition to Soup

2025· article· en· W4408000283 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueSustainability · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicFreezing and Crystallization Processes
Canadian institutionsAcadia University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsKelpSugarSaccharinaFood sciencePerceptionBiologyChemistryBotanyLaminariaAlgae

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Seaweed is a sustainable and nutritionally beneficial ingredient; however, consumers do not regularly eat it in North America. Sugar kelp is one variety of seaweed that is presently underutilized and this study will evaluate Atlantic Canadians’ sensory perception of sugar kelp addition to soup. Participants’ (n = 90) liking and sensory perception of seaweed addition to soup (control [no sugar kelp], 4% wt/wt, 6% wt/wt, 8% wt/wt and 10% wt/wt) was evaluated. A second sensory trial evaluated the amount of sugar kelp the participants (n = 83) would add to the soup if given the opportunity and their resulting sensory perception. The participants used hedonic scales, check-all-that-apply, and general labelled magnitude scales to evaluate the soup. The results identified how consumers perceive sugar kelp in soup, as well as their liking of sugar kelp in soup. In both trials, the participants indicated that sugar kelp could be added at approximately 6% wt/wt without impacting their acceptance. Liking of the soup’s flavour was negatively impacted by the sugar kelp addition; however, it did not impact the amount of soup participants consumed in the second trial. The sugar kelp addition increased the intensity of saltiness and umami at the 6% wt/wt addition level and lower, but at 8% wt/wt the soup was associated with pungency and off-flavours. The results suggest that sugar kelp addition to soup is acceptable at low levels.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.516
Threshold uncertainty score0.386

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.004
GPT teacher head0.238
Teacher spread0.234 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it