Structural Studies of an F-plasmid Protein TraW
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The process of bacterial conjugation, often referred to as lateral gene transfer, is a crucial process in the evolution of bacteria for growth in unique environments and is a main route for the development of multi-drug resistant bacteria in health care settings. Bacterial conjugation is a contact dependent mechanism of transferring genetic material from a donor to a recipient cell, one which can be achieved through the type IV secretion system (T4SS). The transfer of mobile DNA elements like virulence factors, genes for antibiotic resistance as well as many others are achieved through this conjugative system. This multiprotein complex spans both the inner and outer membrane of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and as well as some archaea. The T4SS is capable of producing many different pili that are thin and flexible and able to extend to neighbouring cells and retract drawing them in closer to achieve conjugation. There are many proteins involved in this process, one being TraW which plays a role in pilus assembly and is specific to the F plasmid from Escherichia coli, an important conjugative plasmid. Mutations in traW have shown to abolish the ability of cells to form extended F pili. It has also been shown that the N-terminal domain of TraW interacts with the C-terminal domain of TrbC and that this interaction is essential for conjugative DNA transfer to occur. The removal of just 9 amino acids from the N-terminal region of TraW significantly reduces conjugation while removing the first 19 completely inhibits conjugation from occurring. Alphafold predicts the first 50 amino acids of TraW to be disordered and so by removing this flexible portion needed to bind TrbC the resulted protein is much more stable, Δ51-212TraW. Here we show comparative structural studies between the wild-type TraW and the mutated form and ultimately, we present the SAXS bead model of Δ51-212TraW.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it