Aortic valve-specific genes dysregulated in calcific aortic valve stenosis as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is the most frequent heart valve disease. Elucidating specific gene expression patterns in the aortic valve could provide new insights for understanding disease pathophysiology. We used local RNA sequencing data from 500 explanted human aortic valves to identify aortic valve-specific genes and compared their expression according to disease status and CAVS severity. We identified 100 specific protein-coding genes in the aortic valve compared to 45 other tissues from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Among them, 38 were differentially expressed in CAVS. Ten had a gradient of expression between severity levels and were central in a protein-protein interaction network, most of which were involved in extracellular matrix regulation or inflammation. Among the aortic valve-specific genes, four of the corresponding proteins had a significantly different plasma level in individuals with CAVS. These findings represent a robust foundation for the development of specific biomarkers and therapies for CAVS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".