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Prognostic Factors for Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms in Radiologically Isolated Syndrome
Nicolás Fissolo, Sabine Schädelin, Luisa María Villar, Jan D. Lünemann, Jorge Correale, Konrad Rejdak, Nicholas Schwab, Andreu Vilaseca, Friederike Held, Antonio Garcı́a-Merino, Stefan Bittner, María Trojano, Roberto Furlan, Hayrettin Tumani, Francisco Pérez‐Miralles, Igal Rosenstein, Daniela Galimberti, Gary Álvarez-Bravo, Éric Thouvenot, Sara Llufriú, Samia J. Khoury, Robert Hoepner, Sergio Martínez‐Yélamos, Harald Hegen, Jelena Drulović, Neus Téllez-Lara, Michael Khalil, Johanna Oechtering, Ángel Pérez Sempere, Alfredo Rodríguez Antigüedad, José Enrique-Martínez, Eva Strijbis, Joep Killestein, Sara Eichau, Elena Colombo, Jonas Schaller-Nagengast, Luciana Midaglia, Antonio Sánchez, Enric Monreal, Andrew T. Chan, Friedemann Paul, Àlex Rovira, Mar Tintoré, Jan Lycke, Frauke Zipp, Bernhard Hemmer, Jens Kühle, Xavier Montalbán
Bibliographic record
VenueJAMA Neurology · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicMultiple Sclerosis Research Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersCilagNIH Clinical CenterSanofi GenzymeEMD SeronoCelgeneAmsterdam NeuroscienceChugai PharmaceuticalMedDay PharmaceuticalsIpsenMylanUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaNational Research FoundationUniversidad de AlcaláInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleKarl-Franzens-Universität GrazDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftMultiple Sclerosis SocietyVrije Universiteit AmsterdamInternational Progressive MS AllianceHorizon TherapeuticsMedizinische Universität GrazUniversitätsmedizin GöttingenUniversitat de BarcelonaCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueMedizinische Universität InnsbruckEuropean CommissionInselspital, Universitätsspital BernSanofiTG TherapeuticsAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversität InnsbruckBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungMerck KGaAF. Hoffmann-La RocheAmerican University of BeirutUniversity of VictoriaHexal AGBiogenAlexion PharmaceuticalsNeuraxpharmBristol-Myers SquibbTeva Pharmaceutical IndustriesMassachusetts General HospitalUniversity of BernCSL BehringEli Lilly and CompanySamsungInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIAmgen
KeywordsMedicineHazard ratioInternal medicineProportional hazards modelMultiple sclerosisMagnetic resonance imagingClinically isolated syndromeCohortMcDonald criteriaGastroenterologyConfidence intervalImmunologyRadiology
Abstract
OpenAlex records an abstract for this work, but it could not be fetched just now.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.008
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.013
Threshold uncertainty score0.992
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.054
GPT teacher head0.299
Teacher spread0.246 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations19
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes