Multiple flow modes in CO2 geological storage fluid dynamics and reactive transport in saline aquifers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Global carbon emissions are a major contributor to climate change, highlighting the urgent need for effective carbon reduction and removal strategies. Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) in saline aquifers has emerged as a promising and secure approach for long-term carbon sequestration. This study systematically investigates the influence of key process parameters on the efficiency of CO2 mineral trapping through calcite dissolution. First, the effect of particle size distribution on the dissolution dynamics is examined using five calcite structures with identical porosity (30%). The results reveal that neither highly uniform nor highly heterogeneous particle size distributions yield optimal performance. Instead, an intermediate level of particle size variation maximizes dissolution efficiency by balancing reactive surface area and flow accessibility. Subsequently, the effects of injection rate and acid concentration are evaluated under fixed structural conditions. It is found that higher injection rates facilitate the formation and elongation of dissolution channels, while increased concentrations accelerate reaction kinetics and enhance the widening of existing pathways. However, a saturation threshold exists beyond which further increases in injection rate or concentration offer diminishing returns. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the interplay between pore structure, transport conditions, and reaction kinetics in CO2 storage systems. The study highlights the importance of optimizing particle size distribution and injection parameters to enhance storage efficiency, offering valuable guidance for the design of effective geological carbon sequestration strategies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".