Precision-Oriented Theophylline-Platinum(IV) Prodrugs: Eliciting Synthetic Lethality in BRCA1-Deficient Ovarian Cancer with Enhanced Efficacy and Reduced Toxicity <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a lethal gynecologic malignancy with limited treatments. Platinum(II) drugs are commonly used but faced severe toxicities and resistance. This study developed theophylline-platinum(IV) prodrugs ( 1 – 8 ) to combat BRCA1-deficient OC via synthetic lethality strategy. Representative compound 4 displayed the most potent antitumor effect by synergizing theophylline-induced PARP-1 inhibition with platinum-induced DNA damage to fully exert synthetic lethality in BRCA1-deficient cells with homologous recombination repair deficiencies. In vitro, 4 exhibited 80- and 581-fold higher antiproliferative activities than cisplatin in SKOV3 and SKOV3-BRCA1-KD cells, respectively. Subsequent tests revealed 4 enhanced DNA damage, ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, and S-phase arrest, along with reducing invasion and metastasis. In SKOV3-BRCA1-KD xenograft models, 4 exhibited 71.70% tumor growth inhibition, surpassing cisplatin (50.48%) and olaparib (47.63%), with mitigated nephrotoxicity. Immunohistochemistry showed PARP-1 suppression (74.68% to 9.14%), validating synthetic lethality mechanism. These findings underscore theophylline-Pt(IV) prodrugs potential in overcoming platinum(II) drugs limitations and advancing personalized oncology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".